Strategies and Practices for Marine Plastic Pollution Control: Challenges, Opportunities and Future Prospects

Abstract

Now human activities along coastline and over the ocean are now continuously growing and generating considerable impacts on the ocean ecosystem. And the marine plastic pollution remains a pressing global threat that harms the ecological balance, requiring urgent actions across technological, policy, and societal domains. This paper systematically focuses on the multifaceted challenges of marine plastic pollution, detecting its sources, types, distribution patterns, and governance mechanisms. According to the study, the varies sources of plastic wastes and the universal distribution of plastics—from surface to deep ocean—highlight the need for comprehensive governance that addresses both production sources and existing waste management. While international agreements like the UNEP’s plastic pollution resolution provide the available regulations and effective implementation connections on strengthening the complement of regulations, expanding innovative technologies, and encouraging public participation. By analyzing current strategies, this research emphasizes the urgency of integrated approaches to address marine plastic pollution, providing a foundational framework for developing sustainable, globally coordinated solutions to protect marine biodiversity and human well-being.