Investigating the Adsorption Effect of Biochar on Microplastic Pollutants in Soil

Abstract

Microplastic pollution poses a serious threat to soil health and ecological security. Biochar, with its high specific surface area and abundant surface functional groups, shows potential application value in the treatment of soil microplastic pollution. Starting from the physical and chemical properties of biochar, this paper aims to explore the adsorption mechanism of biochar on microplastics in soil and analyze the influence of environmental conditions on adsorption efficiency. Research shows that biochar effectively removes microplastics from soil through physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms. The high specific surface area and abundant surface functional groups of biochar are the key factors for its efficient adsorption of microplastics. In addition, environmental conditions such as pH and ionic strength significantly affect adsorption efficiency, and biochar has a better adsorption effect on microplastics under acidic conditions. This paper points out the intrinsic mechanism of biochar adsorbing microplastics, which is of certain significance for promoting soil ecological security and sustainable development.