A Review on the Development of Wind-Storage Combined Systems in Power System Frequency Regulation

Abstract

The wind-storage combined system is an effective solution for addressing frequency stability issues in high-penetration wind power integration. Through coordinated control between wind turbines and energy storage, this system significantly enhances frequency regulation performance: energy storage achieves sub-100ms rapid response, maintains frequency deviation within ±0.15Hz, and increases frequency regulation revenue by 250,000-400,000 RMB/MW/year. Key technologies such as virtual inertia control, hierarchical coordination strategies, and dynamic SOC management extend lithium battery lifespan by 35% while reducing comprehensive costs by 28%. However, large-scale applications still face challenges including economic constraints, system stability risks under high penetration scenarios, and lack of standardization. Future development should focus on low-cost energy storage technologies, standardized frameworks, and optimization of wide-area coordination algorithms to support secure operation of new power systems.