Study on the Influence of Different Raw Materials and Pyrolysis Conditions on the Performance of Biochar in Remediating Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils

Abstract

The issue of soil heavy metal pollution is becoming increasingly severe, posing a critical environmental challenge that threatens ecological security and human health. Biochar-based soil remediation technology has drawn significant attention due to its potential advantages, and it is of great significance for improving soil environmental quality. This paper focuses on using biochar to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils and explores the influence mechanisms of different raw materials and pyrolysis conditions on its remediation performance. Through a systematic analysis of three practical cases, the action patterns of key factors such as biochar raw material types, pyrolysis temperatures, and heating rates on the remediation effect of soil heavy metals are deeply understood. The research results provide a practical basis for the engineering application of biochar-based soil remediation technology and reveal the interaction mechanism among biochar, soil, and heavy metals from a theoretical perspective. This is of great significance for promoting the development of more efficient and sustainable strategies in the field of soil pollution remediation.