Comparison of Hybrid Powertrain Systems and Automotive Battery Technologies: Performance Metrics, Applications, and Trade-offs

Abstract

This paper first compares series, parallel, and power-split hybrid systems. Then, it analyses Nickel Metal Hydride Battery, Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery, and Lithium Manganate battery by testing their efficiency, application scenarios, and safety. The investigation shows that the performances of different power systems are decided by both designed structures and different battery types. That means the reasonable matching of power system and battery can improve the total efficiency of the vehicle. Also, the new energy market in the future will continually shows a development trend of coexistence of multiple technologies because it is difficult for a single technology to completely replace others. In addition, the research investigates the impact on key parameters including fuel intake and charge behaviors, hence providing an overall framework for evaluating their overall impact on automobile efficiency and commercial viability. In the end, it also points out the importance in considering real-world driving cycles in order to effectively analyze their relationships, which can consequently make the results compatible with the needs for real-world applications.