Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Structure and Application Research

Abstract

 In the context of accelerating the global promotion of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are gradually becoming an important direction of clean energy technology thanks to their ability to convert chemical energy directly into electricity at up to 60% efficiency, operate with a wide range of fuels from hydrogen to biogas, and emit virtually no pollutants. SOFC usually operates under high temperature conditions and can directly convert the chemical energy in the fuel into electrical energy with high efficiency. Its core structure is composed of ceramic electrolytes, electrode materials, etc. In recent years, with the advancement of material technology and the improvement of system integration capabilities, SOFC has begun to be used in many scenarios such as household energy systems, industrial power generation and aerospace equipment. However, the technology still faces challenges such as high cost, poor thermal stability and slow startup. This article analyzes the basic structure and operation mechanism of SOFC, introduces the development trend of its key materials, evaluates current typical applications, and explores possible technological breakthroughs in the future, providing ideas and references for promoting sustainable energy systems.