Types and research progress of cathode materials for sodium ion batteries

Abstract

With the increasingly severe global energy problem, green and new energy enterprises are vigorously developing. Lithium-ion batteries in the field of energy storage have to look for other materials due to their resource shortage and market risk of price fluctuations. Therefore, sodium-ion batteries bring a new perspective to mankind to solve the global sustainable development problem, and hope to achieve unprecedented progress in the field of electrochemical energy storage in the future. In this paper, the working mechanism of sodium-ion batteries was studied and the concept of rocking chair batteries was introduced. Also, the cathode materials of sodium-ion batteries are systematically studied through different literatures, and three different materials are studied: polyanionic compounds, Prussian blue compounds and transition metal oxides. Specifically, the olivine structure and NASICON structure of poly-anion compounds, as well as the layered and tunnel types of transition metal oxides, are discussed. And provide the advantages and disadvantages of different cathode materials, as well as their development trends and prospects. This paper shows the structural stability, energy density and electron transport rate of mainstream materials, which is helpful to accelerate the commercialization of sodium-ion battery industry.