The Potential, Challenges and Solutions of Oncolytic Virotherapy

Abstract

The traditional therapy of cancer has some limitations, for example the poor targeting, high toxicity, limited curative effect of the later period and so on. However, the oncolytic virus therapy can greatly kill the tumor cells. The OVs mainly use the direct dissolution of the tumor cells and the remodeling of TME to activate the antitumor activity to kill the tumor cells. The review generally finds out the oncolytic virus therapy still has three limitations. Firstly, The low targeting efficiency of OVs. Secondly, the inhibiting effect of TME on OVs. Thirdly, immune clearance and drug resistance. The review also finds three ways to help improve the curative effect of tumors such as Virus Modification, Regulating the tumor microenvironment and Immunological enhancement. The review thoroughly explores the killing mechanism of OVs, three present defects and three solutions. The exploration provides theoretical basis and thinkings for exploiting more curative oncolytic virus therapies in the future.