Interference of Skin Hierarchical Structure on the Signals of Bioelectronics Patches and Optimization Strategies

Abstract

Skin-integrated bioelectronics patches have been widely used in continuous physiological monitoring, but their signals are often affected by the skin’s hierarchical structure and dynamic interference. This paper focuses on the interference mechanism of skin impedance characteristics on signal quality. A multilayer equivalent circuit model based on RC-CPE is proposed to describe the electrical response characteristics of the stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis at different frequencies. The simulation results show that the model has better fitting accuracy than the traditional single-layer model in the low-frequency region, and can more accurately reflect the polarization and impedance fluctuation of the interface. The introduction of constant phase elements (CPE) effectively improves the modeling ability of nonideal capacitor behavior. It enhances the adaptability to disturbances such as motion artifacts, hydration changes, and contact instability. In addition, the model is capable of capturing the impedance evolution process under motion through a multi-layer structure and variable parameter design, thereby demonstrating good physiological relevance and engineering scalability. The overall modeling framework has a solid physical foundation and can fill the research gap in dynamic modeling and multi-source interference response. The results provide theoretical support for the personalized signal acquisition and anti-interference optimization of wearable devices in complex scenarios. They are expected to promote the development of intelligent closed-loop systems towards adaptive and multimodal directions.